A mule or messenger is someone who personally smuggles smuggled across the border (instead of mailing, etc.) for smuggling organizations. The organizers employ donkeys to reduce the risk of being caught. The smuggling method involves concealing items in a vehicle or carrying goods, attaching them to a person's body, or using the body as a container.
In the case of the transport of illegal drugs, the term donkey applies. Other slang terms include Kinder Surprise and Easter Egg. A small-scale operation, in which one courier carries one or a very small number of pieces, sometimes called ant trafficking .
Video Mule (smuggling)
Techniques
Cloaking
Smuggling methods include hiding items in vehicles, luggage, or clothing. In a vehicle, contraband is hidden in a secret compartment.
Sometimes things are hidden in the bag or vehicle of innocent people, who do not know about contraband, for the purpose of taking things elsewhere.
Some contraband is legal to own but subject to taxes or other import restrictions, such as used clothing and computers, and the purpose of smuggling is to overcome these restrictions. In this case, smuggling can be done with clear vision, in smaller quantities, so that a suitcase full of used clothing or a new computer can be passed as a personal item instead of an import effort.
Packaging body
The practice of transporting goods outside or inside the body is called packing the body. This is done by someone who is usually called a mule, or a bait. Smuggled attached to the outside of the body using adhesive tape, glue, or rope, often in places like between the buttocks or between the fat rolls. Other non-conspicuous places, such as cut shoe soles, in belts, or hat brims, were used more often before the early 1990s. Because of airport security improvements the method of "body packing" is rarely used again.
Some narcotics trafficking organizations such as the Mexican Cartel will deliberately send one or two people with drugs outside their bodies to be deliberately arrested, so that the authorities are occupied while dozens of donkeys pass undetected by drugs inside their bodies. However, even these diversionary tactics become less and less common when airport security increases.
Swallow
This is often done by using the gastrointestinal tract or other body cavities as a container. Swallowing has been used to transport heroin, cocaine, and MDMA/Ecstasy. Swallower usually fills small balloons with small amounts of medicine. Balloons can be made with multi-layered condoms, latex glove fingers, or more sophisticated hollow pellets. One method of smuggling involves swallowing a balloon, which is then restored from impurities removed. Alternately, the balloon can be hidden in other natural or artificial body cavities - such as the rectum, colostomy, vagina, and mouth - although this method is much more susceptible to the search for body cavities. A drug mule can swallow dozens of dozens of balloons. Swallower then tried to cross the international border, took out balloons, and sold drugs.
It is the most common thing for fraudsters to travel on behalf of the drug lords or drug dealers. Bakers are often impoverished and agree to transport drugs in exchange for money or other help. In fewer cases, drug traffickers may try to extort people by physically threatening friends or family, but a more common practice is that coal-eaters are willing to take the job in exchange for substantial rewards. As reported in James Bovard's "Lost Rights": "Nigerian drug rulers have employed 'swallower' soldiers, those who would swallow as many as 150 balloons and smuggle drugs into the United States, given the per capita annual income of Nigeria is $ 2,100, Nigerians can collect as much as $ 15,000 per trip. "
Swallower has been captured from various age groups, including adults, teenagers, and children.
Maps Mule (smuggling)
Detection and medical care
Routine detection of smuggled packets is very difficult, and many cases are revealed as packets have been broken or due to intestinal obstruction. Packages that are not ruptured can sometimes be detected by rectal or vaginal examination, but the only reliable way is with an X-ray abdomen. Hashish looks more solid than stool, cocaine is more or less the same as dirt, while heroin looks like air.
The increasingly popular type of swallowing is taking the drug in the form of a fluid-filled balloon or condom/package. It's impossible to detect unless the airport has a high sensitivity X-Ray device, as a liquid water mixture and the drug will most likely not be detected using standard X-Ray machines. Most major airports in Europe, Canada and the US have more sensitive machines.
In most cases, it only needs to wait for packets to pass normally, but if a packet breaks or if there is an intestinal obstruction, then it may be necessary for surgery and surgery to remove the package. Oil-based laxatives should not be used, as they can weaken the latex condoms and cause packaged rupture. Emtocks such as ipecac syrup, enemas, and endoscopic removal all carry the risk of packet rupture and should not be used. Re-imagery is only required if the mule does not know the package amount.
Packages that rupture can be fatal and often require treatment such as drug overdose and may require admission to the intensive care unit. Body packing is not always a reliable source of information about the contents of the package (either due to fear of information being forwarded to law enforcement agencies or because the mules really do not know). Toxicology of the urine may be necessary to determine what drugs are taken and what antidotes are needed.
International incident
People's Republic of China
Electronic products such as the iPhone are sold cheaper in Hong Kong, one of the Special Administrative Regions of China where tax laws are relaxed. Smugglers buy it in Hong Kong and hire mules that tie the iPhone around their waists and ankles and smuggle them across the border from Hong Kong to Shenzhen. According to China Customs Law and Smuggling Allegations, a person should be subject to criminal prosecution if small smuggling of goods is found three times a year. Maximum prison sentence is three years.
United States
The US Supreme Court deals with the packaging of bodies in the United States v. Montoya De Hernandez . At Hernandez , a woman attempted to smuggle 88 cocaine balloons into her digestive tract. He has been detained for more than 16 hours by customs inspectors before he finally passes some balloons. She was arrested because her stomach was swollen (she confessed to be pregnant), and her body search had revealed that she was wearing two pairs of elastic pants and had lined her crotch area with a paper towel. This is done because swallowing the balloon makes intestinal movement difficult to control. The woman claims that her Fourth Amendment right has been violated, but the court decides to support the border authorities.
With regard to traffic from South America to the US, the US Drug Administration reported: "Unlike cocaine, heroin is often smuggled by people who ingest many small capsules (50-90), allowing them to carry up to 1.5 kilograms of heroin per courier. "
United Kingdom
In 2003, more than 50% of foreign women in British jails were donkey drugs from Jamaica. The Nigerian woman contributes greatly to the remaining figure.
Overall, about 18% of UK prison population in the UK are foreigners, 60% of whom are serving punishment for drug-related offenses - most of whom are drug donkeys.
See also
- Drug Enforcement Administration
- Illegal drug trafficking in Colombia
- Money mule
- US. Immigration and Customs (ICE)
- US Border Patrol
- War on Drugs
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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