Pembroke Dock (Welsh: Doc Penfro ) is a town in Pembrokeshire, South West Wales , 3 miles (4.8 km) northwest of Pembroke on the banks of the Cleddau River. Originally Paterchurch, a small fishing village, the town of Pembroke Dock grew rapidly after the construction of the Royal Navy Shipyard in 1814. After Haverfordwest and Milford Haven, Pembroke Dock is the third largest city in Pembrokeshire.
Video Pembroke Dock
History
The natural harbor that offers shelter from the prevailing south winds may have been used for thousands of years, but the first proof of settlement from the map is the name of Stone Carr at the entrance, derived from the Norse Skare for rock.
From 790 to Norman Invasion (1066) the estuary was used by the Vikings. During one visit, either at 854 or at 878, maybe on the way to the Cynuit Battle, the head of the winter Viking Hubba tribe in paradise with 23 ships.
In 1172, three years after the Norman Irish Invasion, after preparing his fleet and his army at the mouth of the Pembroke River, Henry II of England sailed there from heaven.
Before 1814, the area was mostly farmland and was known as Paterchurch. The first mention of Paterchurch was recorded in 1289. A medieval tower was built and like an 18th century and 19th century fortress nearby, it may have functioned as a scout post. In the 17th century, additional domestic and agricultural buildings stood close to the tower and the isolated settlement had its own grave, the last recorded burial being from Roger Adams, in 1731. The destruction of the tower is now located within the walls of the shipyard.
Paterchurch Tower is a plantation center that is said to extend from Pennar Point to Cosheston. It changed hands in 1422 when Ellen de Paterchurch married John Adams. Prior to the construction of the city and before the shipyard was considered, various sales and exchanges took place between the main local landowners - the Adams family, Owen and Meyrick. This exchange made Meyricks control most of the land where new shipyards and cities were built. In 1802, the Paterchurch building was largely ruined.
Maps Pembroke Dock
The origin of naval ship building in Milford Haven is in the private Jacobs shipyard on the north side of the water. In November 1757, Admiralty sent a survey delegate to a shelter, which prepared a report for Parliament recommending, "Milford's dairy page development" . There's no place like Milford at the moment, just Hubberston village. Secondly, this report shows early signs of lobbying existing, with the scale of local infrastructure and exaggerated shipbuilding activities.
Milford Haven
At the end of the 18th century, many villages and lands around Hubberston were owned by diplomat and politician Sir William Hamilton, whose wife was Admiral Lord Nelson's lover, Emma, ​​Lady Hamilton. In partnership with the land administrator, his nephew and heir Hon. Charles Grenville, the couple proposed a development scheme under the title "Milford", referring to the 1758 report. They began by building a shipyard, and leased it to a Messrs. Harry and Joseph Jacob. In December 1796, in an unusual arrangement, Admiralty (Naval Operations) directed the Navy Council (administration and supply) to contract the Jacobs shipyard to build a frigate and then a 74-gun ship-of-the-line.
However, in the absence of local oak, access to wood supply from the Baltic, and local skills in volume, Jacob's operation soon went bankrupt. The Navy took over the lease of the shipyard, and hired French marine architect M. Rennie Barallier and her son as Builder and Assistant Builder.
On October 11, 1809, a naval commission recommended the purchase of Milford Haven facilities and the official establishment of the Royal Navy shipyard. This is, according to reports, due to the fact that Millford-made vessels prove to be cheaper due to the cost of cheap supplies and abundant labor supply. It proposes the purchase of a page at Ã, Â £ 4,455. However, since this was after the Battle of Trafalgar (October 21, 1805), when the need for naval vessels declined in the Napoleonic Wars, and in such remote locations, the proposal seemed confusing. However, given the end of the French-Spanish naval engagement, and the merging of both sides of the Royal Navy under the Admiralty Council, the fact that the Frenchman Barallier will remain in power strongly points out to historians that the Royal Navy accepts that the ship's maneuverability is lower than the alliance Franco-Spanish. In an effort to rectify this situation, the Royal Navy's First Naval Architecture School opened in Portsmouth in 1810. Effectively later, Millford will be established as a shipbuilding model under French management, from which lessons can be learned for implementation at other shipyards.
New city
After failing to agree on the purchase price for Millford's existing shipyard with Fulke Greville, the heir of Charles Greville, Admiralty approved the purchase of 5 miles (8.0 km) of land across the shelter from Milford, near the town of Pembroke in the district of Pater (village) or Paterchurch. This is one of the few sites in paradise that is suitable for building docks to build decent sized boats, because the coastline is flat but it quickly goes to the deep harbor. Secondly, the Board of Ordnance has purchased 50 acres (20 ha) in preparation for the 1758 report to strengthen the heaven's defense, added to the purchase of 20 adjacent acres (8,1 ha) for Ã, £ 5,500 from Meyrick. family.
The town of Pembroke Dock was founded in 1814 when the Pembroke Dockyard was founded, originally called Pater Dockyard. Construction begins immediately, with HMS frigate Lapwing being transported ashore as temporary accommodation. Orders were placed for the construction of 74 gunboats, and four frigates. However, after the Battle of Waterloo in June 1815, although the scheme still looked ill placed in what would become the smaller Royal Navy, the final plan was awarded continuously on 31 October 1815. The Naval Dockyards Society published a historical review in 2004.
Operation
On February 10, 1816, the first two vessels were launched from shipyards - HMS Valorous and Ariadne, both 20-gun post-ship, later converted at Plymouth Dockyard into 26-guns. Over the 112-year span, five yachts of the kingdom were built, along with 263 other Royal Navy vessels. The last ship launched from the shipyard was the Royal Fleet Auxiliary Oleander tanker on April 26, 1922.
In 1925, it was announced that the Royal Dockyards in Pembroke Dock and Rosyth were redundant and would be closed. The petition was sent to Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin, stressing the lack of alternative employment and the economic consequences of the closure, but the decision was not canceled. First Sea Lord, Fleet Admiral Earl Beatty, said, "Whether this Yard is needed for naval purposes, Admiralty is the only competent judge, as whether they are needed for political or social reasons is for the Government to decide. Fleet in question, they are completely redundant. "
The last built floating Pembroke vessel is a hulk of the frigate iron screws of HMSÃ, Inconstant , damaged in Belgium in 1956. In June of the same year, Admiral Leonard Andrew Boyd Donaldson, the last Captain -Superintendent of Pembroke Dockyard, died at the age of 81 years.
Although active warships were not based in Pembroke Dock after the 1940s, and official shipyard work ceased in 1926, the base remained an official Naval Shipyard, and retained the Queen Master Master, until 2008 (one of 5 QHM most recently in England, together with those who currently (2010) still have bases in Devonport, Portsmouth, Rosyth and Clyde). The Royal Maritime Auxiliary Service (RMAS) was headquartered in Pembroke Dock until disestablishment in 2008, and the Department of Defense sold the property rights to the Milford Haven Port Authority (MHPA) in 2007. For most of the last 20 years of MOD usage, RMAS which looks at the base is MOD Salvage & amp; The Marine Team ship (formerly CSALMO) is located there, largely relocated to Serco base in Burntisland on the Forth River for the activation of the Future Service Provision (FPMS) contract in May 2008.
Military garrison
When the shipyard and its importance grew, the need to maintain it was responded and the Pembroke Dock became a military city. Work began in 1844 to build a defensible barrack. In 1845 the first invaders were the Royal Marines of the Portsmouth Division followed despite years by the famous regiment. Between 1849 and 1857, two Portland Portland-built towers were built in the southwest corner and northwest of the shipyard; both of whom were surrounded by artillery sergeants and their families.
In the 1850s, a small camp was erected near Bukit Llanion. In 1904, the building was replaced by four blocks of brick barracks, designed to accommodate a thousand soldiers. The new Llanion Barrack is the first 'barracks built with separate areas for cooking and ablution and is one of the most modern in the country'.
The city remained locked up with troops until 1967.
RAF base
By the closing of the shipyard in 1926, the year of General Strike, high unemployment through the Great Depression until 1931 when No. 210 Squadron RAF arrives equipped with Southampton II flying boat. For nearly 30 years the Royal Air Force headquartered in Pembroke Dock. During 1943, when returning to the Sunderland airship, it was the largest operating base for aircraft in the world.
During WWII Pembroke Dock is targeted by the Luftwaffe. On Monday 19 August 1940, a Luftwaffe Junkers Ju 88 bomber flew in a waterway shelter and bombed a series of oil tanks located in Pennar. An oil-fueled fire raging for 18 days and recorded as the biggest fire in Britain since the Great Fire of London.
It was announced in 1957 that the RAF would drastically reduce its presence.
Pembroke Dock has a link to Hollywood: the full-scale Millennium Falcon built for The Empire Strikes Back was created in one of the Pembroke Dock hangars by Marcon Fabrications in 1979.
Today
The city is served by the A477 motorway which runs from A40 in St. Petersburg. Clears to Pembroke Dock. At Waterloo, the A477 road crosses the Daugleddau estuary at Cleddau Bridge and continues toward Haverfordwest. It has a ferry terminal from where the ferries sail twice a day to Rosslare in Ireland. This service is operated by Irish Ferries. The Pembroke Dock train station connects with Carmarthen via Tenby.
Both Martello towers remain: one is now a local museum, while the others are in private hands and have been converted for residential use and most are still intact. The shipyard wall is substantially completed and recently repaired by experts with clad stone and lime mortar. The dry pier also remains, along with two of the ten skid buildings. Two registered hangars built to accommodate the Sunderland aircraft used to keep Western Approaches have been rebuilt and are now used for other purposes. Among the few Georgian and Victorian buildings still on this site is Terrace, a row of houses for Dockyard officers. The Dockyard Chapel at the end of the Terrace has been rebuilt using EU Objective One funding and now functions as the Pembroke Dock Heritage Center run by the Pembroke Dock Sunderland Trust.
Some of the buildings in Llanion's old barracks are still standing. The Officers 'and Sergeant' Mess were once used as council offices now occupied by Pembrokeshire Coast National Park. The original storage space still exists and is now a residential accommodation and the registered Victoria Powder Magazine stays on the coastal slope accessible from Connacht Way. The old parade square has recently been converted for housing.
The two graves in the city both have many grave services. The Pembroke Dock (Llanion) Cemetery contains war tombs of 23 Commonwealth service personnel, including two unidentified Royal Navy sailors, from World War One and 51 of the Second, including four unidentified Royal Navy sailors and a crew member who did not known. The Pembroke Dock Military Cemetery contains the tombs of 40 service personnel of the First World War Service and 33 of the Second, and is believed to be the only special military tomb in Wales.
Han Solo's iconic craft, The Millennium Falcon from Star Wars, was built on a plane hanger at Pembroke Dock in 1979. Forty local builders were sworn to work secretly in a project known as the "Magic Roundabout".
The Pembrokeshire Technium was built and opened in 2006. Despite the initial slow interest, the first major absorption at this facility began in 2009 when Infinergy built a wind farm in the local area and based on its local office in the center. There is an agreement given by Pembrokeshire County Council for a new yacht marina to be built next to Front Street but work has not started yet.
Proposal to rename the city
There is a suggestion that Pembroke Dock should change its name, to improve the city's image with respect to its reputation for high unemployment and industry decline. The proposal has included Pembroke Haven, Pembroke Harbor and a return to the original pre-1814 name of Paterchurch. The most recent was in 2003.
References
Further reading
External links
- Pembroke Dock Heritage Center
- Pembroke Dock History website
- www.geograph.co.ukÃ,: photos of Pembroke Dock and surrounding area
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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