Kemping and Nicholsons is the world's oldest recreational marine company. The company was originally a shipyard in Gosport, today Camper and Nicholsons have become a yacht and marina management company.
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Histori
Frances Amos
In 1782, Frances Calense Amos arrived from London and started a shipyard, renting land in Gosport, Hampshire across the harbor from Royal Naval Dockyard in Portsmouth. In 1809 Amos apprenticed his nephew William Camper, and in 1821 it built a small merchant ship.
William Camper
Since Amos had no children, after his death in 1824, his niece took over the lease in the yard. Camper has strong relationships with wealthy members of the Royal Yacht Squadron, positioning businesses in the emerging cruise shipbuilding industry. For twenty years since the launch of Breeze's cutter in 1836, Camper built a reputation as a fast cruise ship builder, especially sailboats favored by prestigious customers. However, the outbreak of the Crimean War in 1854 marked a decline in Camper's career.
In 1842, 14-year-old Ben Nicholson joined the Camper yard as a shipbuilding apprentice. Since there is no apparent male heir in the Camper family, Nicholson has risen in the yard to become the chief designer, producing an innovative 1860 design for the schooner of Aline. The success of cruise racing and subsequent orders was requested Further promotion from Nicholson and facilitated his choice as a substitute for Camper when he retired in 1863.
Camp and Nicholson
The company Camper and Nicholson was formed in 1863, financed by William Camper and the Lapthorn family, which operates adjacent sailing apartments. Nicholson undertook a 30-year expansion program, more than double the size and scale of the facility. In terms of tonnage, the design and construction of large schoos dominates the output of the company, and for this subject Nicholson adds a vast reparations and maintenance business made possible by the expansion of the yard facility.
Nicholson's ship is very durable. A long-lived yawl, Florinda , proved so fast that she became famous as Gosport Mistake. Nicholson is the last ship built in 1887, approximately 161 tons. Amphitrite , equipped with long-lasting teak hull; Originally designed as a racing yacht, it is today owned by the oldest sailing training association in Germany, the Clipper, and in 2013 is considered to be one of the oldest sailing cruises in the ocean.
1890
The arrival of Ben's three sons in the company caused the final name change to Kemping and Nicholson.
Benjamin's eldest son had no interest or talent for design, but made his impact through the supply of crew, mainly drawn from regional fishermen, for recreational and racing purposes to yachts built for wealthy customers - a service that continued into 1939. The youngest son Arthur W. found his ability which is best implemented through the management of the maintenance and construction facilities of the yard, and the purchase of a 1912 expansion facility in Southampton.
Charles E. Nicholson
The eldest son of Charles Ernest Nicholson emerged as the perfect cruiser designer, able to combine elegance with speed and voyage.
Charles's first note design is the Redwing class. The Bembridge sailing club met in October 1896 to agree on the need for a shallow shallow shallow cruise - to allow the shallow waters of Bembridge harbor - a one-handed pass, to replace half-expensive riders. Charles designed the yacht within ten days, and in 1898 the fleet consisted of 16 boats, all built by C & amp; N.
In the early 1900s Charles developed a new powered craft that would allow owners to come from their "big boats" before and after the competition. Named class Gelyce , the name comes from the combined first and last letters of their respective wives: Gertie, Lucy, and Constance. In 1912, Charles introduced the 15-meter Istria design with the Marconi rig, the world's first cruise ship with light wood construction and laminate. This led to further developments and increased expertise in the use of lightweight materials that saw results in the use of plywood in deck construction. This eventually led to the creation of the most beautiful sailing Nicholson, a three-masted skeleton Vira (then 'Creole') built on behalf of Alec Cochran America, commissioned in 1927. At 63.3 meters (208 degrees ). ) Today he is the largest wooden sailing cruise ship in the world.
Post World War I "Golden Era"
Going to and emerging from World War I, the company managed to retain its 1,700 employees even through being incorporated into the Admiralty. Subsider companies such as losses that make Gosport Aircraft Company quickly triggered on the cessation of war.
In 1914 C & amp; N has produced the world's first large diesel cruise ship M.Y. Pioneer , which enables overall tonnage reduction without prejudice to accommodation. Utilizing this, Camper and Nicholsons remained the world's leading motor-yacht builder until the outbreak of World War II.
The largest of these yacht motors is 1,629-ton M.Y. Philante , was built for Sir Tom Sopwith. This is the third yacht motor boat built by C & amp; N for Sopwith, and after he purchased the Shamrock V-class yacht from Sir Thomas Lipton's treasures in 1931, Sopwith commissioned Charles to design the 1934 J-class yacht Endeavor, and 1936 Endeavor II. Nicholson was inducted into the American Cup Hall of Fame in 1997.
Elevation C & amp; N is probably 1937's Cowes Week, later known as Charlie Nicholson's Regatta. All three J-Class, three quarters of 12 Meters, half of 8 Meters and many of the marine racers are from the Charles council, as are many motor yachts in the fleet of spectators and his sisters designing Foxhound and Olin Stephens cheated the Bloodhound , who last won that year's Fastnet Race. Foxhound was still campaigned by Portugal in the 1974 Admirals Cup. But for all success, less than ten percent of C & amp; N during the time is yacht racing.
World War II
Like many commercial firms with essential skills for war effort, C & amp; N was taken over by the British Government at the beginning of World War II. Many yachts and commercial boats of all sizes were taken by Royal Navy for war, including cruise ships built in 1931 by Camper and Nicholsons for Sir Richard Fairey, who served as an anti-submarine ship HMS Evadne . The Company uses its extensive design capabilities to produce eligible ships for simplified "location" production, and regulates the production line itself which produces Torpedo Motor Vessel, Motorcycle Boat, and Admiralty the Motor Fishing Vessel vessel. The reserve capacity is used to produce canoes and surfboats for use on Commando attacks; and landing for the British Army troops in North Africa.
Just before World War II broke out, the Turkish Navy ordered eight Motor Gun Boats from C & amp; N. Larger than contemporary Royal Navy units built by Vosper Thorneycroft and British Power Boat Co., these ships are also unusually set for diesel propulsion, with three 16-cylinder Paxman VRBs rated at 1,000 bhp (700 kW) at 1750 rounds/mnt Before it was over, the war broke out and they were taken over by the Royal Navy. Three classes are completed as intended, although the latter must be equipped with Packard gasoline engines such as British MTB's. Five other unfinished ships were assigned to Operation Bridford, to bring the SKF ball bearings back from Sweden neutral. Converted under the direction of modern buccaneer Sir George Binney, the Gay Viking class ran from Hull with the trawlermen crew under the red flag as directed by Admiralty. The boat carries 45 tons of cargo per trip at speeds up to 23 knots (43 km/h), with a maximum cruise of 20 knots (37 km/h) and a 1,200 nautical mile range (2,220 km) at 17 knots.
Most of the C & amps warships N pre-war motor was taken over by the Royal Navy, often manned by their pre-war crew and commanded by their captain or peacetime owner. Reliability of C & amp; N proven in such incidents M.Y. Esmeralda , which when involved in mine clearance is too close. The resulting explosion threw it to its end, raised its stern high into the air - he survived the incident without any structural damage.
C & amp; N was damaged extensively in many air strikes in 1941, destroying much of the company's historical record, facilitating the need to move some of its production to, among other places, temporary workshops in Mumby's mineral waterworks on North Street, Gosport.
In preparation for the D-Day landing in Normandy, C & amp; N built the SLUG (Surf landing Under Girders) ship, specially designed by the company for D-Day to keep Mulberry Harbors in place. They are shallow motorboats that pull a small barge under a floating bridge beam that carries the wire needed to hold a floating bridge in position.
Post World War II
Just before World War II, Charles John Nicholson's son began helping with the design office. In 1939 it was one of John's designs that moved the company forward, when he designed a "batch" of six 30-foot (9 m) sloops. The first is named Cinder and is owned by C E Nicholson for many years. He later renamed Ellen Sophia and still sailed in 2010. This production philosophy was developed further during the war years to enable the company to tackle mass market afterwards. Cousin John Charles A. Nicholson, universally known as Young Charlie, worked outside the Southampton building, and did not suffer the same shadow as his father launched his design career with the Yeoman's offshore racer in 1937.
The company survived World War II in its entirety, and thought it had a lot of repair and maintenance work waiting for its yard through the return of the owner. But Britain has changed, with a weak economy through rationing and high post-war tax rates making owners rethink where they base themselves. Young Charlie sent his second son George to CÃÆ'Â'te d'Azur to work as a middleman's friend, and persuaded both the owner and the crew to return their yachts to the yard for a winter repair. Also, there is a huge shortage of timber, so despite the continued success of racing and the production of high-end boats such as Queen and Duke of Edinburgh's Dragon Bluebottle classes, the company relies on civilian repair works and Government contracts for sweepers wood mines.
GRP Production
Charles E. Nicholson continued to lead the company until his death in 1954 at the age of 86, and it was only then that John could admit he had created many C & amp; N designed in the future that has spawned the design of Charles E. Nicholson. banner. When Government contracts dried up in the late 1950s, Young Charlie's son, Peter, expanded the company's production offerings along three streams: large motorboats, special sailboats including its 1964-show yacht show Rocquette (First English) the marine racer has a flush deck, and the innovation leads to later Gypsy Moth IV ); and so-called "people's cruises" are made of glass-reinforced plastic.
In the absence of GRP experience or additional yard space for production, C & amp; N commissioned Halmatic to form a hull for an early Nicholson carrier 36 designed by Peter, followed by Nicholson 32 and then 26, 38, 43, 45, 48, 55 and 70 Other innovations included a head compartment designed as a one part mold, tin hook is summarized in the stomach mold. By the time stock production finally stopped in 1981 from Nicholson 32, 369 boats had been built, and a set of prints was exported to Australia with at least ten ships built there. Another production model that made 1,400 ships produced during this period included:
- Nicholson 27 - 18 ships
- Nicholson 32 - 369 boats 20 in Australia
- Nicholson 35 - 228 ships
- Nicholson 38 - 134 boat, based on Alden Mistral
- Nicholson 39 - 63 vessels
- Nicholson 33 - 120 boats
The first Nicholson was commissioned by Lloyd's from the London Yacht Club and named Yacht Lutine, as it is called all the LYC yachts, with the screen number GBR809. He was sold in 1999 and renamed Acclaim. The Association of Combined Services (Royal Navy, Army, Royal Air Force) has 7 Nic 55s sailing around the world primarily by men and women services during adventurous training events.
Company structure
Being family owned, C & amp; N always has a tendency to develop a subsidiary to have full control over production. The first example is Gosport Aircraft Company, which was formed to use C & amp; N in timber construction in plane supply to the War Ministry. It was quickly fired post-World War I, and with growth driven Charles E. Nicholson, the only pre-WW2 subsidiary was a chandlers.
In the 1950s with survival so dependent on Government contracts, C & amp; N Electrical Ltd is headed by Roy Taylor electrician to supply control boxes for mine sweepers. In the early 1970s and still managed by Taylor, the company has grown by employing 1,250 in five factories, and has spewed further corporations such as Dialect Delivery which produces pneumatic tube systems.
In the 1960s, Camper and Nicholsons Marinas Ltd. were formed to develop an old Admiralty field adjacent to the main yard. This success brought the council's pressure to make land available for the post-war city development plan, resulting in the closure of the Coastal Road Site on the beach, and the reduction of the ability to receive lay-ups, repair and repair profitable jobs.
In 1961, given the amount of construction and repairs done in the yard, George persuaded his father to buy his friend in the CÃÆ'Â'te d'Azur brokerage business, changing his name to Camper and Nicholson International. At this point the company has many offices around the Mediterranean, as well as Australia, the Caribbean, Hong Kong, Singapore and both American coasts.
All these companies plus buildings and repair facilities as two separate entities are now being held by Camper and Nicholsons Holdings Ltd., which despite favorable shortage of investment capital.
1972 to present
In 1972, Camper and Nicholsons Holdings Ltd. formed a joint venture with the investment and building company Crest Securities Ltd., to set up Crest Nicholson and develop more former Admiralty sites.
However, given the increase in VAT on vessels from 8% to 25% in 1975, and the construction of a 1979 bridge over the Itchen River that restricted access to Southampton's pages, the company became cash-strapped. After selling C & amp; N Electrical Ltd. in 1974 for cash, and decided to close down the Southampton page, Camper's assets and Nicholsons Holdings Ltd became part of Crest Nicholson. George was unhappy with the complete merger, and left Camper and Nicholson International to form Solidmark, which he built as a successful brokerage, consulting and yacht management company.
In 1981, then Managing Director Tony Taylor led the purchase of management from the yacht yard, which eventually broke with the Nicholson family. Under the name of Camper and Nicholsons Yachting, the production of boat supplies continues and the yard goes back to the tradition of building a special yacht. The company is headed by Nick Maris whose family interests are the majority shareholder. In 1999 the ship building and business improvement Camper and Nicholsons Yachting were bought by Cammell Laird.
In 1991, Nick Maris approached George about combining Solidmark with Camper & amp; Nicholsons International, that George agreed to become MD again. The company expanded to include sites in Italy, Germany and Mexico. The company was brought in by the French Rodriguez Group in 2001. George remains not the chief executive of Camper and Nicholsons International. Maris at this point bought the remaining shareholders in Camper and Nicholson Marinas, now having developments around the world.
In 1992, Crest Nicholson sold Marina Gosport, Camper and Nicholsons Camper consulting business, as well as the right to Camper & amp; Nicholsons Brand to Nick Maris.
In 2001, Camper and Nicholsons Yachting were purchased by the Nautor Group group, the Italian company Salvatore Ferragamo, who restarted stock production at Gosport in 2004 with a 42-foot (yard) cruise ship. The Gosport page finally closed in December 2005, with production moving to Scandinavia in 2006 following a development offer from Camper and Nicholsons Marinas and Crest Nicholson. The company is now run by an American private equity firm.
In August 2014, Camper & amp; Nicholsons International announces that the company is under new ownership after it was acquired by Colosseum Services SA, an investment vehicle of the Swiss-based family office. The transaction comes from Brook Hazelton, former CEO of Phillips, the international art auction house, and Eric de Saintdo, former CEO of Camper & amp; Nicholsons International and the International Festival de la Plaisance (now the Cannes Yachting Festival). In early 2014, based on their personal relationships, they partnered with Colosseum Services to secure the necessary financial support to complete the acquisition and provide resources enabling the company to improve its leadership position at the forefront of the cruise industry.
Maps Camper and Nicholsons
Production design
J-class yachts
Camper and Nicholsons built four J-class yacht ships, three of which raced in the American Cup. All designed by Charles Nicholson, the first being Shamrock V for the 1930 race, funded by Sir Thomas Lipton retailer. The second is Velsheda assigned to prominent Woolworths William Lawrence Stephenson, but is not used as a Cup challenger. The third and fourth boats were funded by pioneering flight entrepreneur Sir Thomas Sopwith. Sopwith has her personal yacht built by C & amp; N, including M.Y. Vita .
Miguy III, today Blue Horizon IV Ketch by Camper & amp; Nicholson built in 1960 from the famous architect Charles Nicholson Long 103 feet 22o beam, ft draft 13 feet, 130 tons, not 30 tons 2 engines Mercedes 320Ã, hp respectively, two axle speed velocity maxi 13 knots steel hull 8mm Cruise ships were built at the request of King Faisal II who was killed during the construction. Camper and Nicholson have found a buyer in the first cousin of Prince Rainier of Monaco, who gained the presence of Prince and Princess Grace on board the ship mentioned in the notebook.
Gypsy Moth IV
In 1962 Sir Francis Chichester commissioned C & amp; N to build the third ship (the first is an airplane) in the series, Gypsy Moth IV. Inspired while writing his book Along the Way of the Clipper i>, which describes the journey taken by 19th century wool scissors that returned from Australia, Chichester set a target to make that part within 100 days against the average scissors in 123 days. The maximum speed of the cruise ship is directly related to its moistened length: Gypsy Moth IV is 53 feet overall, while clipper vessels like Cutty Sark are 212 feet (65 m). Designed by John Illingworth and Angus Primrose, the ship incorporates the maximum amount of sailing for the minimum amount of rigging, while using self-use stand-alone steering using design principles set by Blondie Hasler that can allow riders from the skipper's bed, which is old. sailing solo by. Launched in March 1966 with a hull made of cold-formed Honduras mahogany, he left Plymouth on August 27, 1966 with a 64-year-old Sir Francis at the wheel. 107 days later he entered the harbor of Sydney to stop. Back through Cape Horn in just 274 days (226 days of actual sailing time), this voyage claims record for the world's fastest voyage by small vessels, and the longest nonstop line that has been made by small sailboats (15,000 miles). Royal yacht
C & amp; N has a history of building the Royal Yacht, including the 1936
1928 was commissioned HMS Monica, later renamed HMS Rion, served as a mine hunter during World War II. Purchased by Aristotle Onassis from a surplus of war, he was reinstalled and named Arion and presented as a wedding gift to Rainier III, Prince of Monaco when he married actress Grace Kelly. His Soviet Majesty renamed Deo Juvante II and he was used by newlyweds for their honeymoon exploring the Mediterranean. This yacht is now owned and operated by Quasar Expeditions in the GalÃppagos Islands as M/Y Grace .
1937 commissioned M.Y. Philante was built in the name of Sir Thomas Sopwith, the name of the charity of the Christian names of Phyllis and Sopwith. It was used by Sopwith to attend American Cup races and regattas, including the 1938 sail race at HankÃÆ'¸ in eastern Norway. After the outbreak of World War II, the Royal Navy took over M.Y. Philante as an escort for the convoy across the Atlantic, and then as a school ship to train convoy escort in 1942. Returning to Sopwith in 1946, he was sold to the Norwegian Government as King Haakon's promised kingdom cruiser. After extensive reparation in Norway, on May 17, 1948 the ship's captain, Commander Christian Monsen, raised the banner of command on the new name Norge for the first time, and on 9 June the Royal Yacht was handed over to King Haakon. He remains today one of only two royal yachts still in operation. Class Gelyce
In the early 1900s, the Nicholson brothers developed a new motorized craft that allowed owners to come from their "big boats" before and after the competition. Named Gelyce , it is a mixture of the first and last letters of their respective wives: Gertie, Lucy, and Constance. After building at least ten for the Nicholson family to develop the design, they started producing designs for others. Charles E. Nicholson claims that the tender of the Gelyce yacht, with a clean base, sound propeller and Daimler 105 hp (78 kW) engine, will be capable of producing 20 knots (37 km/h). ). In fact, the best recorded speed is 21.5 knots (40 km/h). The owners include Major Sir Digby R Peel MC, Sir Hanson Rowbotham JP and Lieutenant Commander Sir Warden Chilcott DL MP JP - a vessel now owned by the name Herring Gull by Peter de Savary. Another 50Ã, ft. Gelyce still exists at the Bordeaux Boat Museum lent by Mr. Voisin from Villefrance, as the original ship of the Peel is commissioned.
Northwind II
In 1966 Camper and Nicholsons built the classic Chambel IV yacht motor, renamed NorthWind II by its next owner in 1970. Interior Northwind II is decorated by Maison Jansen, a renowned design company whose customers include Kennedy White House, Coco Chanel and Shah Iran. In 2010 Northwind II was rebuilt and upgraded, its interior expertly restored. As one of Jansen's few remaining Jansen commissions, he has attracted great interest from the designers of 20th century interior design. He recently appeared in Architectural Digest magazine in August 2011. He is now privately owned in the Mediterranean.
RNLI Lifeboat
Unlike many other areas, Camper & amp; Nicholson played a very small role in the production of RNLI lifeboats. In 1952 a wooden boat 46ft 9in Watson class class, RNLB Douglas Hyde, was built and in 1969-1971 four steel were dried 48Ã, ft 6in Solent My class boats came from the Gosport page, RNLB R. Hope Roberts , RNLB City Birmingham . RNLB The Royal British Legion Jubilee and The Three Sisters RNLB .
References
- Dear, Ian (Oct 2001). Camper and Nicholson: two centuries build yachts . Quiller Press Ltd. ISBN: 1-899163-64-6.
External links
- Camping & amp; Nicholsons International, Specialist in sales, purchasing, charter, marketing, management, and yacht construction.
- Camper and Nicholsons Yachting
- Camper and Nicholsons Marinas
- The Complete History of Camper and Nicholsons
- CNI and CampInteractive Partnership
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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