Reselling tickets (also known as scalping tickets or impersonation of tickets ) is the act of reselling tickets for admission tickets to the event. Tickets are purchased from licensed sellers and then sold at a price determined by the individual or company that owns the ticket. Tickets sold through secondary sources can be sold for less or more of their face value depending on demand, which tends to vary as they approach the event date. When a ticket supply for a particular event is available through an authorized ticket seller, the event is considered "sold out", generally increasing the market value for each ticket offered through the secondary seller. Ticket sales are common in sports and music events.
Ticket sales are a form of arbitration that arises when the quantity demanded on the sale price exceeds the given amount (ie, when the event organizer charges less than the equilibrium price for the ticket).
During the 19th century, the term scalper was applied to railway ticket brokers selling tickets at lower prices.
Video Ticket resale
Purchase and resale methods
Ticket sellers come back using several different ways to secure premium and previously sold-out (potentially large) stock-ticket inventory for events such as concerts or sporting events. Resale sellers can operate within the ticket contact network, including season ticket holders, individual ticket sellers, and ticket brokers. They make business from getting hard-to-find customers and sold-out tickets that are no longer available through the official box office.
Ticket ticket (or ticket brokers in English English) work out of the show, often appearing with unsold tickets from the brokerage offices on consignment basis or appearing without tickets and buying additional tickets from fans at or below nominal value speculatively hoping to sell them with profit. There are many full-time brokers who remain in certain places and even have many loyal buyers.
One of the common concerns with resale is with scam artists selling counterfeit tickets to unsuspecting buyers. Another common practice is that brokers sell tickets that have been scanned at the gateway of places because usually entries are only allowed when tickets are scanned for the first time. Because the ticket is genuine, the buyer has no way of telling whether the ticket has been used or not.
The concern when buying tickets on the road from ticket brokers or through online auctions is that tickets sold by reseller tickets themselves can be stolen or forged. For many major sporting events, fake tickets are auctioned in the months leading up to the event. The criminals and their activities do not have to be equated with legitimate ticket carriers and law-abiding individuals to resell tickets legally in the secondary market.
In 2009, TicketMaster began to adopt "paperless" unlimited tickets, where tickets can not be resold. Under this system, customers prove their purchase by showing their credit card and ID. The move was taken in response to ticket scalping and resale of ticket markup on the secondary market and was adopted during Miley Cyrus (2009) World Wonder Tour, although Ticketmaster first experimented with AC/DC Black Ice World Tour (2008-10). TicketMaster has changed the system name to "Incoming Credit Card". This system requires large groups to enter along with people who buy tickets. Some events have a Ticket Transfer which allows tickets to change ownership and allows tickets to be transferred through the Ticketmaster ownership system. It can not be resold or transferred through a ticket exchange like StubHub.
presales tickets
Getting tickets through special presales has become more common. These presales often use unique codes specific to fan clubs or show venues. The advent of presales has allowed more individuals to participate in reselling tickets outside the broker's office.
Although derivatives were a practice used mostly in the 1980s, some ticket brokers offered tickets even before tickets were officially available for sale. In such a scenario, the ticket seller actually sells the forward contract of the ticket. One example is a company called TicketReserve, which makes money by selling "options" to future sporting events. This is often possible if the reseller is a seasonal ticket holder. Season ticket holders generally receive the exact same seat location year after year so they can enter a contract to grant the tickets to which they have the right, even if the ticket has not been printed or sent to the original ticket holder.
Automatic scalping bot
In recent years, fraudsters have begun to use more complex methods by which they obtain tickets for resale in the secondary market. Similar to the technology used to pick up rare shoes and shoes, automated bot attacks have become a common way of gaining large numbers of tickets for resale only for higher profits. What the impostor will do is spread thousands of bots from an IP address that can not be tracked in a brute force attack as soon as the venue or ticket seller first makes them available for sale. In 2017, one of the largest online ticket sellers, Ticketmaster filed a lawsuit against Prestige Entertainment to continue using the scalper bot despite paying $ 3.35 million to the New York Attorney General's Office just a year earlier. Ticketmaster claims that Prestige Entertainment is able to lock 40% of the tickets available for Broadway hit Hamilton's musical performances, as well as most Ticketmaster tickets available to Floyd Mayweather and Manny Pacquiao fight in Las Vegas in 2015. In an attempt to limit such behavior, Congress moves to bypass the 2016 Better Online Ticket Sales Act, more commonly referred to as BOTS action. The law was signed into law in December 2016 by President Barack Obama. The BOTS action imposes penalties and penalties for parties found guilty of using bots or other technologies to damage online ticketing systems in the hope of selling them on the secondary ticketing market.
Ticket broker
Ticket brokers operate outside the office and use internet and call centers to run their business. They are different from brokers because they offer stores facing consumers to return if there is a problem with their transactions. The majority of transactions that occur are via credit card via phone or internet. Some brokers host their own websites and interact directly with customers. These brokers can offer additional services such as hotel accommodation and airline tickets to events. Other brokers partner with online ticket exchanges. These sites act as a market that allows users to purchase tickets from a large network of brokers. Some brokers offer advice on how best to buy tickets start with box office and work with brokers if tickets are not available through the box office.
Online ticket brokering is the resale of tickets through web-based ticketing services. Prices on the intermediary site are determined by ticket demand, availability, and reseller. Tickets sold through online ticketing services may or may not be authorized by authorized resellers. Generally, most of the trade on ticket brokers websites worries about tickets for live entertainment events where official authorized supply of authorized dealers has been exhausted and the event has been declared "sold out". Industry criticism compares the resale of online tickets to 'touting tickets', 'scalping' or other provisions for unofficial ticket sales directly outside the venue.
The late 1990s and early 2000s saw the rise of online ticket brokers as a lucrative business. US authorized Ticket Sales Company, Ticketmaster developed a strong online presence and made several acquisitions to compete in the secondary market. Securities analyst Joe Bonner, who tracks the New York-based IAC/InterActiveCorp Ticketmaster parent company, told USA Today: "You have to see the secondary market as a real threat to Ticketmaster, they missed the boat, StubHub already around. a few years now.They are not as proactive as they should be. "Ticketmaster launched a fan to fan the TicketExchange ticket sales site in November 2005. Ticketmaster acquired former rivals GetMeIn and TicketsNow, while eBay bought StubHub. In 2008, the Boston Red Sox chose Ace Tickets over StubHub to sell their tickets. There are also independently owned online ticket sellers such as viagogo and SeatMarket.
Maps Ticket resale
Criticism
For popular events with sold-out tickets, resellers may sell the tickets several times their face value. If the seller re-buys tickets and tickets are not then sold out, then they risk losses. There may be individuals who want to attend popular events (and decide to sell their tickets later) and those who buy tickets in bulk to resell their tickets for profit. Some countries have restricted unauthorized ticket sales.
In 2008, Internet ticket frauds emerged as a global problem, when fake websites cheated millions of dollars from sports fans by selling Beijing Olympic tickets they did not want.
According to Stephen Barrett of Quackwatch, many online ticket retailers use URLs similar to official box-office websites, sometimes implying through their text or images that they are official, using internet advertising to increase traffic to their website, and do not state clearly the actual price they charge for the ticket.
International response
It is controversial whether tickets are items that can be resold privately. Usually a personal resale would be contrary to the original condition of the sale, but legally questionable whether the original conditions of sale can even be enforced, but, most places claim that they have the right to refuse entry to anyone.
Australia
Depending on the condition of body ticket sales, tickets can be canceled if resold for profit. This is so with Ticketek tickets (Ticketek is a ticket company based in Australia). Attempts to suppress ticket sales include labeling tickets with buyer names or photos, and prohibiting people without tickets from around the event to prevent secondary market ticket purchases.
In Australia, the secondary ticket market has been researched in recent years as ticket brokers dominate the resale ticket market. Scalper will buy tickets in bulk from the promoters hoping that tickets will be sold out causing an increase in ticket demand and thus an increase in ticket prices. This causes event promoters to limit the number of tickets that can be purchased in a single transaction, which has greatly reduced the unjust ticket price. After many complaints from the community and event promoters, the DFT (Department of Fair Trading) and the CCAAC (Commonwealth Consumer Affairs Commonwealth) conducted a survey that addressed the issue of scalping and the release of Scalping Issue Paper Ticket for NSW.
Canada
In British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia, the resale of tickets above the nominal value is valid and not prohibited by law.
Quebec entered the bill "Bill 25" in June 2012, making it illegal for ticket brokers to sell tickets more than the face value of tickets without first getting permission from the original ticket vendor. The reseller sells the requested ticket to inform the consumer that the ticket is resold and must notify the consumer of the original ticket vendor name and the original face value price. Penalties for breaking the law include a fine of $ 1,000 to $ 2,000 for the first offense, and as much as $ 200,000 for repeated violations.
In Ontario, the resale of tickets above the nominal value is prohibited by the Ticket Speculation Act and may be punishable by a fine of $ 5,000 for an individual (including those purchasing tickets upfront) or $ 50,000 for a company.
Effective July 1, 2015, in an effort to protect consumers from buying fake tickets, Ontario makes an exception under Ticket Speculation Act for:
- Enable the authorized ticket seller to authenticate resold tickets
- The license ticket will resell above the nominal value in the event that the ticket is authenticated or has a money-back guarantee
- Allow tickets to resell at a price that includes all the service fees paid when the ticket was first purchased.
After the announcement in 2016 that lead singer The Tragically Hip Gord Downie has been diagnosed with terminal brain cancer, the band held the Man Machine Poem Tour. Ticket ticket sellers reportedly bought two-thirds of all available tickets, to capitalize on public demand. As a result, by 2017, Ontario announced legislation to try to crack down on skin bots.
ireland
In the Republic of Ireland, there is currently no law prohibiting the sale of tickets, and this is common in online outlets such as Premiertickets.ie or Needaticket.ie. In 2011, the Minister of Employment, the Company, and Innovation, Richard Bruton, refused to pass a law banning the drafting, saying it would only encourage resellers to websites based overseas. Ticketmaster, Ireland's main ticket seller, runs a service called Seatwave that resells tickets, some for a very high price. However, selling tickets in public places (eg outside the premises) is illegal under the Casual Trade Act, 1995 - by 2015 Kazimierz Gre?, An official of the Polish Football Association, spent the night in the cell after being arrested for selling tickets out of match Irish-Polish football.
Israel
In Israel, in 2002, The Knesset enacted the 67th amendment to the Israeli Criminal Code, enacting Section 194a, which prohibits ticket sales. The new section states that unlicensed people selling tickets above the face value will be fined. The new addition to the criminal code allows the police to resist the denial of ticketing on sports and music events (especially the brokers who buy large tickets for resale purposes), which causes a lot of pressure on the public and allows brokers to avoid paying taxes, but because none laws that expressly prohibit such practices, can not be legally advocated before the new law.
Italy
For many years in Italy, ticket scalping was considered a "gray zone" in the judicial system, tolerated and punished only when re-sold tickets came from illegal sources. However, since 2009 concerns about football hooliganism have led to the introduction of nominative tickets, issued only to licensed people proving they are not involved in crimes related to hooliganism or minor offenses, hampering the scalping market.
Swedish
Resale tickets by scalpers above par value are legal in Sweden regardless of the limitations imposed by the event organizer.
United Kingdom
In the UK resale football tickets are illegal under section 166 of the Criminal Justice and Public Order 1994 unless the resale is authorized by the organizer of the match. Secondary ticketing market StubHub has signed a partnership agreement with Sunderland and Everton for the 2012/13 season, while viagogo's competitors hold partnerships with Chelsea and other clubs.
In addition to the case of football tickets, there is no legal prohibition against resale of tickets in the UK, although individual organizations (such as Wimbledon) can ban it.
In July 2016, some of Britain's leading music managers including Ian McAndrew, Harry Magee, Brian Message, and Adam Tudhope came together to fund a new initiative called the FanFair Alliance, to work on the issue of 'online ticket booking industry scale'.
United States
In the United States, ticket sales are a $ 5 billion industry. Resale of tickets at the venue (including adjacent parking spaces that are formally part of the facility) may be prohibited by law. This law varies from state to state, and the majority of U.S. states do not have laws to limit the value placed on the number of event ticket sales or where and how the tickets should be sold. The return ticket seller can do business on the nearest pavement, or advertise through newspaper ads or ticket brokers.
Some US states and places encourage designated areas for resellers to stand in, in, or near places, while other countries and places prohibit ticket sales altogether. Resell laws, policies and practices are generally decided, practiced and regulated at the local or even US level and such laws and interpretations are not currently generalized at the national level.
Another problem in the US is that because ticket laws vary by country, many ticket sellers use loopholes and sell their tickets outside of an event. Therefore, ticket resellers who resell tickets to events at Madison Square Garden of New York are not subject to New York State markup laws during sales outside of New York. The majority of ticket brokers in the New York metropolitan area have their offices on the borders of the states of New Jersey and Connecticut for this reason.
Sell tickets by voice mail
Some promoters have stopped selling tickets in the traditional first-come-first-served way, and require the prospective ticket holders to enter "votes" - competition with random winners - with prizes being an opportunity to purchase a small number of tickets. Votes are meant to prevent resale by making it harder to buy large numbers of tickets because being in front of the queue does not guarantee the ticket holder.
Events that have sold tickets by ballot including Big Day Out in 2007, Tribute Concert Ahmet ErtegÃÆ'¼n - Led Zeppelin reunion concert at The O 2 Arena in 2007 - and the Commonwealth Games 2006.
A similar practice used among reseller sellers is to register items as online auctions (such as eBay) - the most common non-hazardous items such as collector cards - and provide tickets as a bonus to the winning bidder; thus not actually selling tickets to avoid ticket laws. This does not really get around eBay's sales rules, as they effectively state that the items that the buyer receives are what the seller is selling, including free bonuses.
Sell tickets at auction
Ticketmaster sells tickets in online auctions, which can bring ticket prices closer to market prices. The New York Times reports that this can help agencies determine requests for specific events and more effectively compete with ticket sellers.
Online auction sites such as eBay only enforce state ticket laws if the buyer and/or seller are in the state where the event took place. Otherwise, there is no resale limit for tickets.
Personal tickets
The Glastonbury Festival, which sold 137,500 tickets in less than two hours in 2007, introduced the system in the same year that tickets included original buyer photography ID, to enforce non-exchange.
For Comedy Central The Daily Show and The Colbert Report , the tickets are free. However, identification of the ticket holder is checked when entering and while standing in line, and especially when progressing from the queue into the studio room. These measures work effectively as a means to prevent them from ordering these sought tickets from selling them for a cash value at the time of reservation.
See also
- Ticket redemption
- Price discrimination
- Good experience
- Internet ticket fraud
- Tout
References
External links
- Ticket Distribution Practice: The New York Prosecutor's Report on Ticket Resale
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments