A hematoma (spelling of the United States) or hematoma (English spelling) is a blood collection that is localized outside the blood vessels, due to illness or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuously seeping of broken capillaries. The hematoma is initially fluid-spreading between tissues including in the sacs between the tissues where it can thicken and harden before blood is absorbed back into the blood vessels. Ekimosis is a skin hematoma greater than 10mm.
They can occur between many areas such as skin and other organs, connective tissue, bones, joints and muscles.
Blood packs (or even bleeding) may be aggravated by anticoagulant drugs (blood thinners). Blood seepage and blood collection can occur if heparin is given by intramuscular route; to avoid this, heparin should be given intravenously or subcutaneously.
It does not become confused with hemangioma, which is an abnormal buildup/growth of blood vessels in the skin or internal organs.
Video Hematoma
Signs and symptoms
Some hematomas are visible beneath the surface of the skin (usually called bruises) or may be felt as a mass/lump. Lumps can be caused by blood restriction to the sac, subcutaneous or intramuscular tissue space isolated by the fascia plane. This is a key anatomical feature that helps prevent injury causing much blood loss. In most cases, hematomas such as blood sacs eventually dissolve; However, in some cases they may continue to grow as blood seeps or do not show any change. If the blood bag is not removed, it may need to be cleaned/repaired surgically.
The slow reabsorption of the hematoma may allow the breakdown of blood cells and hemoglobin pigments to move in connective tissue. For example, a patient who injures the base of his thumb may cause a hematoma, which will slowly move along the finger within a week. Gravity is the main determinant of this process.
Hematoma on articulation can reduce member mobility and present approximately the same symptoms as fractures.
In most cases, the movement and exercise of the affected muscles is the best way to re-insert the collection into the bloodstream.
The wrong diagnosis of a hematoma in the vertebra can sometimes occur; this is called a hemangioma (cell buildup) or a benign tumor.
Maps Hematoma
Classification
Type
- subdermal hematoma (under the skin)
- Skull/brain:
- Subgaleal hematoma - between galea aponeurosis and periosteum
- Cephalohematoma - between the periosteum and the skull. Generally caused by vacuum delivery and vertex delivery.
- Epidural hematoma - between skull and dura mater
- Subdural hematoma - between dura mater and arachnoid mater
- subarachnoid hematoma - between arachnoid mater and pia mater (subarachnoid space)
- Othematoma - between the skin and layers of ear cartilage
- Breast cancer (breast)
- perichondral hematoma (ear)
- perianal hematoma (anus)
- lower hematoma (nails)
Degrees
- Petechiae - small pinpoint hematoma with a diameter of less than 3 mm
- Purpura (purple) - bruises about 1 cm in diameter, generally round-shaped
- Ekimosis - subcutaneous blood extravasation on a thin layer under the skin, ie bruises or "black and blue," more than 1 cm in diameter
Etymology
The English word "hematoma" began to be used in 1826. This word comes from the Greek word ???? haima "blood" and - ??? -oma , the suffix forms a noun indicating mass or tumor.
See also
- Metanephric dysplastic hematoma from the sacral region
References
External links
- Media related to Hematoma in Wikimedia Commons
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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